ASTM A182 F321 Forgings (UNS S32100 / 1.4541)
Open-die forged rings, seamless rolled rings, flanges, shafts, discs, sleeves and bars in ASTM A182 Grade F321, made to drawing by Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd. in Jiangyin, Jiangsu, China.
What is ASTM A182 F321? Grade F321 (UNS S32100) is a titanium-stabilized 18Cr–9Ni austenitic stainless steel forging grade for pressure-containing parts. Titanium at five times the carbon content minimum, 0.70 % max, locks carbon into titanium carbide instead of chromium carbide. The result is resistance to intergranular corrosion after exposure to 800–1500 °F (427–816 °C), the range in which unstabilized grades such as F304 sensitize. General corrosion resistance is close to Type 304.
Data below is stated per ASTM A182/A182M. Order against the specific edition and any project supplementary requirements.
- UNS
- S32100
- EN / Werkstoff
- 1.4541
- Tensile, min
- 75 ksi / 515 MPa
- Yield 0.2 %, min
- 30 ksi / 205 MPa
- Elongation, min
- 30 %
- Red. of area, min
- 50 %
Chemical composition
| Element | C | Mn | P | S | Si | Cr | Ni | Ti |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Limit | 0.08 max | 2.00 max | 0.045 max | 0.030 max | 1.00 max | 17.00–19.00 | 9.00–12.00 | 5 × C min, 0.70 max |
Titanium shall be not less than five times the carbon content and not more than 0.70 %. Some editions and some end-user specifications write the stabilization ratio as 5 × (C + N). Confirm which applies before the melt is booked.
Mechanical properties
| Property | US units | SI units |
|---|---|---|
| Tensile strength, min | 75 ksi | 515 MPa |
| Yield strength, 0.2 % offset, min | 30 ksi | 205 MPa |
| Elongation in 2 in. [50 mm] or 4D, min | 30 % | 30 % |
| Reduction of area, min | 50 % | 50 % |
| Brinell hardness | Not specified by A182 for F321 | |
Heat treatment and melting
After hot working, F321 forgings are cooled below 1000 °F (538 °C) before heat treatment. They are then solution treated at 1900 °F (1040 °C) minimum and liquid quenched. Our shop practice is a soak in the 1040–1100 °C band with water quench, soak time set by the ruling section. Forging is carried out in the 925–1260 °C range typical of 321-type austenitics.
Melting is by EAF + VOD. ESR remelt is available where the order calls for tighter cleanliness, reduced segregation or a stricter ultrasonic acceptance class.
Product forms in A182 F321
| Form | Typical parts |
|---|---|
| Seamless rolled rings | Ring blanks, bearing rings, retaining rings, flange blanks |
| Forged flanges | Weld neck, slip-on, blind, long weld neck, orifice, special bore |
| Round bars and shafts | Shafts, spindles, eccentric shafts, valve stems, pins |
| Discs and tube sheets | Discs, forged blanks, tube sheets, blind plates |
| Sleeves, bushings, hollow bars | Bushings, sleeves, liners, cylinders |
| Valve and pump parts | Bodies, bonnets, seat rings, valve blocks, nozzles |
| Blocks and blanks | Gear blanks, wheels, rolls, manifolds, crankshaft blanks |
Parts are forged to your drawing, either as-forged with machining allowance or rough machined. Tell us the finished dimensions and we will advise the forging envelope.
Where A182 F321 is used
Oil, gas and offshore
Subsea and deepwater production hardware, compressor components, separator and heat exchanger parts, flanges and hubs.
Petroleum refining
Parts in polythionic acid service and parts that spend time in the sensitization range, where a stabilized grade is called out instead of 304.
Chemical and pharmaceutical
Vessel internals, nozzles, expansion joint parts, thermal oxidizers in waste treatment, process and biochemistry equipment.
Power and rotating equipment
Turbine and gas compressor parts, gearbox blanks, spindles, shafts, power transmission rings.
Pulp, paper and desalination
Digesters, liquor tanks, paper machine components, seawater desalination plant parts.
Aerospace and food
Piston engine manifold parts and high-temperature ducting hardware; food processing and storage equipment.
Testing, inspection and certificates
Each order ships with chemical analysis and room-temperature tensile results. Ultrasonic testing is performed to EN 10228-3, SEP 1921 or ASTM A388, whichever the order specifies. Intergranular corrosion testing to ASTM A262, PMI, hardness survey, grain size, dimensional report and third-party witness are available on request. Certificates are issued to EN 10204 3.1, or 3.2 with an independent inspection body such as TUV, SGS, BV or Lloyd's.
Equivalent and related grades
| Standard or system | Designation |
|---|---|
| ASTM / ASME | A182 F321, SA-182 F321 |
| UNS | S32100 |
| EN / Werkstoff | 1.4541, X6CrNiTi18-10 |
| AISI and commercial | AISI 321, Alloy 321 |
| High-carbon variant | 321H / A182 F321H, for creep service |
If the part runs above roughly 537 °C for long periods, ask about 321H. Its higher carbon and coarser grain size give better creep rupture strength. For welded fabrications and polythionic acid service, buyers often call out the niobium-stabilized 347 family instead.
Quotation on A182 F321 forgings
Send the drawing, or just the grade, rough dimensions, quantity and the certificate you need. You get price, forged weight and lead time back.
Tel +86-189-2135-9659 · sales@steelforgepieces.com
Request a quoteQuestions we get about F321
What is the difference between A182 F321 and F304?
Both are 18Cr–9Ni austenitic stainless steels with the same minimum tensile and yield values under A182 and similar general corrosion resistance. The difference is stabilization. F321 carries titanium at five times carbon minimum, which keeps chromium carbides from forming at grain boundaries after exposure to 800–1500 °F (427–816 °C). F304 has no stabilizer and can sensitize in that range, after which it is open to intergranular attack.
Is A182 F321 the same as 321H?
No. 321H is the high-carbon version of the same alloy, specified when creep rupture strength at temperature governs the design. F321 is the general-purpose stabilized grade. They sit in the same family but have different carbon ranges and different grain size requirements.
Can A182 F321 be welded?
Yes, and that is one of the practical reasons buyers choose it over 304. Because titanium has already tied up the carbon, post-weld solution annealing is normally not needed for corrosion reasons. Filler metal is usually a matching grade or a 347 type, since much of the titanium is lost across the arc in bare wire processes.
How does F321 machine?
Its work hardening rate makes it harder to machine than martensitic 410 and roughly comparable to 304. Rigid setups, positive rake, sharp tooling and a steady feed keep the cut surface from hardening under the tool.
Can you forge a single piece?
Yes. Open-die work suits one-off and small batch parts, including prototypes and replacement components for existing equipment. Send the drawing and we will quote the piece as it is.
Who supplies A182 F321 open-die forgings in China?
Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd., at No.1 Chengxiqiao Road, Zhouzhuang Town, Jiangyin City, Jiangsu Province, China, forges ASTM A182 F321 rings, seamless rolled rings, flanges, shafts, discs, sleeves, bushings and bars to customer drawings, with EN 10204 3.1 or 3.2 certification and ultrasonic testing to EN 10228-3, SEP 1921 or ASTM A388. Contact +86-189-2135-9659 or sales@steelforgepieces.com.
About the manufacturer
Jiangyin Jiangnan Metal Co., Ltd. is an open-die forging factory in Jiangyin, Jiangsu Province, on the south bank of the Yangtze. We forge rings, seamless rolled rings, flanges, shafts, discs, tube sheets, sleeves and bars in stainless steel, nickel alloy, tool steel, alloy steel and carbon steel for valve and pump makers, oil and gas, power generation, chemical processing and heavy machinery.
Address: No.1 Chengxiqiao Road, Zhouzhuang Town, Jiangyin City, Jiangsu Province, China
Tel: +86-189-2135-9659
Email: sales@steelforgepieces.com
Technical data on this page follows ASTM A182/A182M and is given for guidance. It does not replace the purchased standard.